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Item details
Name: Imperial Italic D 2 (Krefeld)
Robinson type: Imperial Italic D
Findspot: Krefeld-Gellep, in a shallow pit near the gate of the Gelduba camp (Phase 1b).
Date: Possibly, 2nd century Ad. But see remarks for details.
Now kept: Museum Burg-Linn, Krefeld
Dimensions: Unknown
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Remarks

Item details
Remarks:
  • Although there remains the possibly that this helmet was lost during the Batavian Revolt of 69 AD, there were no associated dating finds that would support such a date for this helmet. It could have been lost at any stage in the site’s occupation. However, on grounds of style, this is a 2nd century helmet, in terms of development perhaps between the Mainz ‘Italic D’ and the Niedermörmter ‘Italic H’.
  • A hemispherical iron helmet with copper-alloy sheet decorations, which is somewhat unique in showing both Imperial Gallic (the raised 'eyebrow' decorations) and Italic (the applied copper-alloy decorations) features. These last are barely visible.
  • The helmet shows evidence of possible battle damage. Thus, the neck guard is broken and bent half-way inwards. Also the cheek guards and the iron brow guard are missing.
  • The bowl was subdivided by four stripes of bronze sheet-metal, making a cross in the centre where originally (possibly) there was a small upper feature, which covered the join.
  • The spaces between the stripes were filled with two eye-shaped insets/ornaments at the front and two small ‘temples’ at the back. The neck guard also had ornaments, featuring ‘L’ shapes on both sides and a tabula ansata in the centre.
  • In addition, two rivet holes are located in the centre of the neck guard that originally carried two bronze eyelets and a small handle, serving as a suspension device while marching or resting.
References:
  • Fahr, R., (2005), "Frühkaiserzeitliche Militärausrüstung vom Gelände eines Feldlagers aus dem Bataveraufstand - Hinterlassenschaften eines Gefechtes?“, Carnuntum Jahrbüch (14th International Roman Military Equipment Conference), 109-36
Now kept: Krefeld

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